Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

Premenstrual Syndrome Index Glossary Find a Local Doctor Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Slideshow Pictures Disease Prevention in Women Slideshow Pictures Take the Quiz: Puberty In Girls Medical Author: Melissa Conrad St�ppler, MD Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) facts What is premenstrual syndrome? How common is PMS? When was PMS discovered? What causes PMS? What are the symptoms of PMS? How is the diagnosis of PMS made? What conditions are like PMS? How is PMS distinguished from other conditions? What treatments are available for PMS? What medications are used to treat PMS? Are there herbal or natural remedies for PMS? Can exercise help relieve some of the symptoms of PMS? Is there a "cure" for PMS? Patient Discussions: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) - Effective Treatments Find a local Obstetrician-Gynecologist in your town PMS vs. PMDD - Whats' the Difference? Medical Author: Carolyn Janet Crandall, M.D., FACP Medical Editors: Melissa Conrad St�ppler, MD and William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR Ms. B.T. is 38 years old. Her co-workers always seem to know when she has her period. During this time, she becomes extremely irritable. She feels guilty because she gets very angry at her children for no logical reason or for apparently trivial reasons. In fact, one of her coworkers, with whom she is quite friendly, suggested she come in before her supervisor noticed problems on the job. She heard that there is a severe version of PMS that requires special treatment. Ms. B.T. wants to know if this is her problem. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has been the term used for mood, and sometimes physical, symptoms that occur cyclically (predictably in relation to menses) in the second half of the menstrual cycle and interfere with a woman's quality of life. Some women experience even more severe symptoms. These women may have a conditions known as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Learn more about PMS and PMDD � Top Searched Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Terms: symptoms , treatment, pms, nausea, disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, menstrual cycle, causes, diagnosis Premenstrual syndrome facts Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a set of specific physical and psychological features. Physical features include breast tenderness and bloating. Psychological changes may include anger and depression. PMS occurs in the last half of a woman's menstrual cycle. The exact cause is unknown but is believed to be related to interactions between sex hormones and brain chemicals (neurotransmitters). PMS can be mimicked and must be distinguished from other disorders. The most helpful diagnostic tool for PMS is a menstrual diary. Treatment options for PMS include exercise, a healthy lifestyle, emotional support of family and friends, and medications. Possible for PMS include diuretics, pain killers, oral contraceptives, drugs that suppress ovarian function and antidepressants. What is premenstrual syndrome? Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a combination of emotional, physical, psychological, and mood disturbances that occur after a woman's ovulation and typically ending with the onset of her menstrual flow. The most common mood-related symptoms are irritability, depression, crying, oversensitivity, and mood swings with alternating sadness and anger. The most common physical symptoms are fatigue, bloating, breast tenderness (mastalgia), acne, and appetite changes with food cravings. A more severe form of PMS, known as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), also known as late luteal phase dysphoric disorder) occurs in a smaller number of women and leads to significant loss of function because of unusually severe symptoms. The American Psychiatric Association characterizes PMDD as a severe form of PMS in which anger, irritability, and anxiety or tension are especially prominent. How common is PMS? About 80% of women experience some premenstrual symptoms. The incidence of true PMS has often been overestimated by including all women who experience any physical or emotional symptoms prior to menstruation. It is estimated that clinically significant PMS (which is moderate to severe in intensity and affects a woman's functioning) occurs in 20% to 30% of women. About 2% to 6% of women are believed to have the more severe variant known as PMDD. When was PMS discovered? The mood changes surrounding this condition have been described as early as the time of the ancient Greeks. However, it was not until 1931 that this disorder was officially recognized by the medical community. The term "premenstrual syndrome" was coined in 1953. What causes PMS? PMS remains an enigma because of the wide-ranging symptoms and the difficulty in making a firm diagnosis. Several theories have been advanced to explain the cause of PMS. None of these theories have been proven, and specific treatment for PMS still largely lacks a solid scientific basis. Most evidence suggests that PMS results from the alterations in or interactions between the levels of sex hormones and brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters. PMS does not appear to be specifically associated with any personality factors or specific personality types. Likewise, a number of studies have shown that psychological stress is not related to the severity of PMS. Premenstrual Syndrome Index Glossary Find a Local Doctor Patient Discussions - Viewers share their comments Suggested Reading on Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) by Our Doctors Acne (Pimples) Acne is a localized skin inflammation as a result of overactivity of oil glands at the base of hair follicles. This inflammation, depending on its location, can take the form of a superficial pustule (contains pus), a pimple, a deeper cyst, congested pores, whiteheads, or blackheads. Treatments vary depending on the severity of the acne. Menstrual Cramps Menstrual cramps (pain in the belly and pelvic area) are experienced by women as a result of menses. Menstrual cramps are not the same as premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Menstrual cramps are common, and may be accompanied by headache, nausea, vomiting, constipation, or diarrhea. Severity of menstrual cramp pain varies from woman to woman. Treatment includes OTC or prescription pain relief medication. Depression Depression is an illness that involves the body, mood, and thoughts and affects the way a person eats and sleeps, the way one feels about oneself, and the way one thinks about things. The principal types of depression are major depression, dysthymia, and bipolar disease (also called manic-depressive disease). Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is considered to be a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). PMDD has also been referred to as late luteal phase dysphoric disorder. The cause of PMDD is unknown. Some of the common symptoms of PMDD (not an inclusive list) include: mood swings, bloating, fatigue, headache, irritability, headache, breast tenderness, acne, hot flashes and more. Treatment for PMDD is with medication to treat the symptoms of PMDD. Women's Health Women's health is an important topic area to guide a woman through the stages of her life, as well as knowing the conditions and diseases that may occur. Educating yourself so that the transitions into different phases of life is key to a healthy, happy, and productive life. Menstrual Cramps and Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Medication Guide Menstrual cramps and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms include abdominal cramping, bloating, a feeling of fullness, abdominal pain, mood swings, anxiety and more. Treatment for menstrual cramps and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms include regular sleep, exercise, smoking cessation, diet changes, and OTC or prescription medication depending on the severity of the condition. Sexual Health: FAQs About Sex and Relationships Sexual health information including birth control, impotence, herpes, sexually transmitted diseases, staying healthy, women's sexual health concerns, and men's sexual health concerns. Learn about the most common sexual conditions affecting men and women.

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

Menstrual Cramps and Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Medication Guide �

Menstrual cramps and PMS medication facts

• Menstrual cramps that occur in the absence of a known abnormality or cause are medically referred to as primary dysmenorrhea.
• Non-drug treatments for menstrual cramps include adequate rest and sleep, regular exercise (especially walking), and smoking cessation.
• Menstrual cramps are not the same as the symptoms experienced due to premenstrual syndrome (PMS), although the symptoms of both disorders can sometimes be experienced together .
• Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a combination of emotional, physical, psychological, and mood disturbances that occur after a woman's ovulation; and usually end with the onset of her menstrual flow.
• For moderate menstrual cramps, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen) are often helpful. The NSAIDs are more effective...

Read the Menstrual Cramps and Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Medication Guide article �

Source: http://www.medicinenet.com/guide.asp?s=rss&a=449&k=Womens_Health_General

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